Perhaps the best known and most popular of the Arkansas Historic
Preservation Programs (AHPP's) programs, the National Register of
Historic Places
is the country's official list of historically significant
sites worthy of preservation. Authorized under the National Historic
Preservation
Act of 1966, the National Register is part of a national
program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to
identify, evaluate,
and protect our historic and archaeological resources. The
National Register is administered by the National Park Service under the
Secretary
of the Interior. Properties listed in the National Register
include districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that are
significant
in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering,
and culture. These resources contribute to an understanding of the
historical and
cultural foundations of the United States.
National Register properties are distinguished by having been
documented and evaluated according to uniform standards. These standards
were developed
to recognize the accomplishments of all peoples who have
made a contribution to our country's history and heritage. The criteria
are designed
to guide state and local governments, federal agencies, and
others in evaluating potential entries in the National Register.
Properties, whether
sites, buildings, structures, objects, or districts, must
possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship,
feeling,
and association. They must also fit one or more of the
following criteria:
- Association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history
- Association with the lives of persons significant in our past
- Embodiment of the distinctive characteristics of a type,
period, or method of construction; representation of the work of a
master; possession
of high artistic values; or representation of a significant
and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual
distinction
- The potential to yield information important in prehistory or history
Ordinarily cemeteries, birthplaces or graves of historical
figures, properties owned by religious institutions or used for
religious purposes,
structures that have been moved from their original
locations, reconstructed historic buildings, properties primarily
commemorative in nature,
and properties that have achieved significance within the
past 50 years are not considered eligible for the National Register.
However, such
properties will qualify if they are integral parts of
districts that do meet the criteria or if they fall within the following
categories:
- A religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic distinction or historical importance
- A building or structure removed from its original location
but significant primarily for architectural value, or which is the
surviving structure
most importantly associated with a historic person or event
- A birthplace or grave of a historical figure of
outstanding importance if there is no other appropriate site or building
directly associated
with his or her productive life
- A cemetery that derives its primary significance from
graves of persons of transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive
design features,
or from association with historic events
- A reconstructed building when accurately executed in a
suitable environment and presented in a dignified manner as part of a
restoration master
plan, and when no other building or structure with the same
association has survived
- A property primarily commemorative in intent if design,
age tradition, or symbolic value has invested it with its own historical
significance
- A property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional importance
Listing in the National Register provides recognition that a property is
of significance to the nation, the state, or the community;
consideration
in the planning for federal or federally assisted projects;
eligibility for federal tax benefits; and qualification for federal
assistance
for historic preservation, when funds are available. Listing
properties in the National Register also often changes the way
communities perceive
their historic resources and gives credibility to efforts of
private citizens and public officials to preserve these resources as
living parts
of our communities. National Register status does not,
however, interfere with a private property owner's right to alter,
manage, or dispose
of property. Historical commissions, design review
committees, or special zoning ordinances are established by state
legislation or local ordinances;
they are not a part of the National Register program.